Projects

PROJECT

COMMUNITY HORTICULTURE FARMING FOR LIVELIHOOD GENERATION

UNDER

TRIBAL DEVELOPMENT FUND (TDF)

ANJAW DISTRICT - ARUNACHAL PRADESH (INDIA)

SUBMITTED TO

GENERAL MANAGER

National Bank for Agriculture and Rural Development (NABARD)

Arunachal Pradesh Regional Office
Bank Tinali VIP Road, Post Box No. 133
Itanagar – 791 111

www.nabard.org

IMPLEMENTED BY

PRESIDENT

National Youth Project (NYP)

1^st Floor, Taba Building, Opp: Civil Secretariat

E-Sector, Itanagar, Arunachal Pradesh - 791111

www.nypindia.in

CONTENT:     

1	Project Summary	Page 3
2	Project Area Background	Page 4 – 7
3	Project Proposal	Page 7 - 15
7	Project Phasing (Physical)	Page 16
8	Project Management Framework	Page 16 - 18
9	Project Implementation Framework	Page 18
10	Monitoring & Documentation Framework	Page 19 - 21
11	Technical Support	Page 21 - 22
12	Post Harvesting & Marketing Framework	Page 22 - 23
13	Key Challenges	Page 23 - 24
14	Expected Project Outcome	Page 25 - 26
15	Project Finances	Page 26
16	Sources of Fund	Page 26
17	Organisational Information	Page 27 - 28

Annexure:

Annexure I	Project Implementing Agency Data Sheet
Annexure II	Project Area Data Sheet
Annexure III	Letter of Consent of the Participant Family
Annexure IV	List of Household Village Wise
Annexure VI	Project Activity Schedule
Annexure VII	Project Cost Estimates
Annexure VIII	Base Line Survey Report

List of Abbreviations

NYP-AP	National Youth Project-AP
NABARD	National Bank for Agriculture and Rural Development
CBO’s	Community Based Organizations
SHG	Self Help Group
KVK	Krishi Vigyan Kendra
VLC	Village Level Committee
CLC	Circle Level Committee
DLC	District Level Committee
TVI	Traditional Village Institutions
CHFLG	Community Horticulture Farming for Livelihood Generation

TITLE OF THE PROJECT: COMMUNITY HORTICULTURE FARMING FOR LIVELIHOOD GENERATION (CHFLG) IN ANJAW DISTRICT, ARUNACHAL PRADESH

1. PROJECT SUMMARY:

Name of the Organization	NATIONAL YOUTH PROJECT-AP (NYP-AP)
Organizational Legal Status	NYP-AP was established in 2009, as a secular voluntary organization. It was registered (Registration No.SR/ITA/4251) in 2009 under the Societies Registration Act XXI of 1860.
Project Title	Community Horticulture Farming for Livelihood Generation(CHFLG) in Anjaw District, Arunachal Pradesh
Project Location	Chaglagam, Manchal, Kibitoo, Matengliang, Goiliang, Walong, Hawai and Hayuliang Blocks, Anjaw District – Arunachal Pradesh
Project Beneficiaries	1016 households from 125 villages of Chaglagam, Manchal, Kibitoo, Matenliang, Goiliang, Walong, Hawai and Hayuliang Blocks in Anjaw District, Arunachal Pradesh
Project Duration	Five Years (Start Date: November 2014 and End Date: October 2019)
Project Budget (Indian Rupees)	Total Project Budget     : Rs. 9,63,61,717.36 NABARD Contribution   : Rs. 5,97,56,883.28 Farmers Contribution    : Rs. 3,66,04,834.08
Project Goal and Objectives	Goal: ·         To improve the livelihood of backward tribal communities through community farming of horticulture and spice crops supplemented by allied activities. ·         To establish replicable model of horticulture farming by adopting SHLT for improving the uses value of land and other natural resources. Objectives:     ·         To reduce the dependence of tribal communities on forests and traditional agriculture by promoting high value cultivation commercial crops suitable to the area such as horticulture and spices. ·         To promote and establish community based organisation at the grassroot level through the concept of group farming for reducing the cost of production, increasing the output, improving the quality of finished products and ensuring better bargaining power with the buyers to maximise market prices. ·         To enhance income of tribal communities by adopting better soil and water conservation measures (SHLT approach) and alternate sources of livelihood such as animal husbandry activities.
NYP Principal Contact Person	Mr. H.P. Biswas, (MA/M.Sc & MJMC) President/CEO

2. PROJECT AREA BACKGROUND:
3. Geographical and Ecological Features:

Arunachal Pradesh situated in the North Eastern (NE) part of India and is located at the foot hills of Himalayas and shares its borders with China in North, Burma in east, Bhutan in west and Assam and Nagaland at the south. It is situated between latitude 26° 30' N and 29° 30 ' N and longitude 91° 30' E and 97° 30' E. Arunachal Pradesh is divided into eighteen districts.

Anjaw is one of the administrative districts of Arunachal Pradesh. It is a newly created district in the state with Hawai as its district headquarters. Anjaw is the easternmost district in India. Anjaw is also the second least populous district in India. The district is bounded by China on the north, Myanmar in the east and Lohit district in south. Hawai, the headquarter of the district, is situated at an altitude of 1296 m above the sea level. It is located on the banks of the Lohit river, a tributary of the mighty Brahmaputra river. 

The history of the district dates back to 1914. The British created North East Frontier Tract to administer the district. In 1919 the tract was named as the Balipara Frontier Tract and the other Sadiya Frontier Tract. The present Lohit & Namsai district including Anjaw was part of the Sadiya Tract. Anjaw district was created in 2004 under the Arunachal Pradesh Re-Organisation of Districts Amendment Bill.

The district is home to varied flora and fauna. Animals like deer, musk deer, hoolock, squirrel, bear, boar, monkey, and wolf varieties of snake are found in the district. A pine species, Pinus merkusii is found only in this district which is found nowhere in the entire Northeastern region. A certain species of flying squirrel named as Mishmi Hills Giant Flying squirrel Petaurista Mishmiensis is found in this district. The main rivers of the district are Lohit, Lam, Tidding, Dalai, Krowti, Dichu, Lati, Klung, Dav, Telua, Ampani and Sarti.

According to 2011 India census, Anjaw district has a total population of 21,089. For every 1000 male there are 805 female. The average literacy rate of Anjaw is 59.4 %. Tribal culture is predominant in the Anjaw district. Indigenous and traditional customs are followed by the people of the district. The main tribe of the district are the Mishmis and Zekhring. The other important community is the Meyor tribe. They are the inhabitants of the Walong and Kibithoo circles of the district. The Meyors celebrate the Losar, Sungkhu, Tsotangpho Wangley, and Tso Tangpo festivals with pomp and enthusiasm.

Agriculture is the main mode of living of the people. Maize, millet, paddy and beans are the main agricultural crops. Shifting cultivation is the traditional farming practice of the tribes. In addition people are also engaged in sericulture, horticulture, livestock, poultry and handicraft. The main horticultural products are large cardamom, orange, pears, apple, and plum. The Mishmi tribe is known for their weaving and handicrafts. Cane & bamboo crafts and different types of costumes are made by the tribes. 

ANJAW DISTRICT
Physical Characteristics
Geographical area	6190 sq km
Climate	Varies between Sub tropical and temperate
Elevation	Varies between 1296 mean sea level (Hawaii ) & 750 mean sea level (Hayuliang) 1258 mtrs mean sea level (Chaglagam), 1094 mtrs mean sea level (Walong), 1305 mtrs mean sea level (Kibitoo),
Precipitation	Mean annual precipitation ranges from 2700 to 4300 mm
Topography	Varies between summits and ridges, steep to moderately sloped slopes and inter-hill valleys
Land Use /Land Cover	Unclassified State Forest (1701.799 sp km), Non-Agricultural Use (732.248 ha), Cultivated land-Rainfed (24.646 ha), Cultural wasteland (2671 ha), Miscellaneous Tree crops (105,964 ha)
Irrigation	Gross Area Irrigated 2.64 hectare (Statistical Abstract of A.P 2011)
Land Ownership	Community
Socio-Economic Characteristics
Population	21089
Literacy Rate	59.46 percent
B.P.L	75.24 percent
Economic activity	90% population in rural areas are dependent on Agriculture, Horticulture, Animal Husbandry and other traditional activities like weaving, wood craft work, etc
Main Agricultural products	Maize, Millet, Paddy & Beans
Land use pattern	Forest, Jhuming and Horticulture
Source: Department of Economics &Statistics, Itanagar (2007); Directorate of Agriculture, Itanagar (2007), Statistical Abstract, Itanagar (2007), Arunachal Pradesh

1. Recent Socio Economic Developments in the Project Area:

Traditionally the tribal community practised subsistence agriculture. They were also dependent on forests for fulfilment of their needs as well as income. Gradually timber logging became a major source of income for them. The imposition of a ban on timber logging by Supreme Court in 1996 resulted in depletion of income of the tribals.

With depletion of source of income, the dependence of tribals on agriculture increased. Since the type of agriculture practised by tribals was primitive in nature, the only scope of enhancing income levels was by increasing the area under cultivation. This resulted in increase in area under jhum cultivation. With increasing pressure on land, the cycle of jhum cultivation - which was earlier 15 – 20 years and which provided enough time for rejuvenation of fertility of land – stands reduced to 2–3 years cycle. This has resulted in low yields. As a consequence, the income levels of the majority of the tribals in the area have stagnated at low levels. Since industrial development in the area is absent, alternative employment opportunities are absent. Government employment avenues are also limited. Hence there is a need to bring in a project which would not only enhance income of the tribals but would do so in a sustainable manner. It would also restore the ecological balance lost due to reduction in jhum cycle.

Incidentally another recent development in Anjaw district has been the introduction of large cardamom cultivation. The crop was introduced in the district in the year 2007 – 08. NYP-AP promoted the cultivation of large cardamom through Farmers’ Clubs promoted under NABARD’s Farmers’ Club programme. The effort bore excellent results with FC members registering sales worth Rs. 1.76 crore in the year 2011 – 12. This was recognised and appreciated by the State Government. This has encouraged other farmers in the entire district to take up cultivation of large cardamom. This provides an excellent base for implementing a project under TDF in the area.

3. PROJECT PROPOSAL:

Community Horticulture Farming for Livelihood Generation (CHFLG) project proposal is prepared by NYP-AP in response to the “in principle” approval of the concept paper submitted by NYP-AP under Tribal Development Fund (TDF) on Community Horticulture Farming (CHFLG) by National Bank for Agriculture and Rural Development (NABARD). Cultivation of large cardamom, apple, orange, kiwi and plum will be the core component of the project. The project will be implemented in 125 villages of 8 circles of Anjaw district and will directly benefit 1016 households from Zakhring, Meyor and Mishmi tribes of Arunachal Pradesh. The project will able to contribute in formation, organization and graduation of more than 50 community based organizations (CBOs) and also appropriately integrate various Tribal Village Institutions (TVIs) for the implementation of Scientific Horticultural Land Technology (SHLT) approach. The details of the proposal are as follows:-

3.1. PROJECT COMPONENTS:

1. Horticulture

Climatic conditions of the uplands of Anjaw districts are favourable for the cultivation of several types of horticultural crops like large cardamom, orange, apple, kiwi and plum etc. NYP-AP had consultation with various agencies like Deparment of Horticulture, Spice Board of India, Farmers, etc. They suggested for mixed farming practice in the area. The Department of Horticulture, Govt. of Arunachal Pradesh suggested following suitable crops for cultivation in the district:-

The feasibilities and potentialities of horticultural crops in Anjaw district

Sl. No.	Name of Circle/Blocks	Name of Crops
1	Kibitoo	1.      Apple 2.      Plum 3.      Persimmom 4.      Pears
2	Walong	1.      Apple 2.      Kiwi 3.      Large Cardamom 4.      Plum 5.      Pears 6.      Peach
3	Hawai	1.      Apple 2.      Kiwi 3.      Large Cardamom 4.      Plum 5.      Orange 6.      Pears
4	Manchal	1.      Large Cardamom 2.      Orange 3.      Apple
5	Goiliang	1.      Apple 2.      Kiwi 3.      Large Cardamom 4.      Plum 5.      Orange
6	Hayuliang	1.      Large Cardamom 2.      Orange 3.      Kiwi 4.      Plum 5.      Banana 6.      Pine apple
7	Chaglagam	1.      Large cardamom 2.      Apple 3.      Kiwi 4.      Plum 5.      Pears 6.      Peach

Species/Varieties suitable to the area:

Large Cardamom	Below 1500 m MSL	1500 – 5500 m MSL
	Sawney/Ramla	Ramsey / Varlangey
Apple	Red Delicious
Orange	Khasi Mandarin
Kiwi	Brono, Monti, Heyward
Plum	Santa Rosa, Green Gage

 On the basis of the findings of the base line survey, the farmers showed preference for cultivation of large cardamom, in which many of them already have some experience. The economic life of the plant is 6-7 years and it starts giving yield from the 3^rd year onwards. As there is a huge demand for the production and agencies come to the doorstep of the farmers for buying the harvested output, the poor farmers showed inclination for taking up large cardamom as the principal crop. However, for sustainability of their income beyond 6-7 years, i.e., the life span of large cardamom, it is proposed that each acre of wadi should be divided into plots of half acre each, one for large cardamom and the other for fruit plants. Two models of fruit plants are suggested – one for a mix of apple and kiwi for the higher altitudes and another for a mix of orange and plum for the lower altitudes.

1. Soil conservation measures

As the entire area is hilly the plants are required to be planted along the contour across the slopes. This is preferred due to possibility of soil erosion and difficulty of irrigation of the orchard. In this system land erosion is minimise and soil moisture is conserve for growing fruit crops. The contour line is required to be design and graded in such a way that the flow of watering in the irrigation channel becomes slow and thus finds time to penetrate into the soil without causing erosion. As majority parts of the land do not have steep slopes it is suggested to be create terrace cum bunds for the plot meant for the fruit plants. Based on a distance of six m between the plants and the hedges and vertical distance between two rows approximately 300 m of TcB (Terrace cum Bound) is suggested per plot of wadi. 

1. Water resource development

The average annual rainfall in the project area is 3000-3500 mm. During the rainy season of June to September there is no requirement of irrigation in the entire locality. However in the summer month of April and May irrigation is required by the fruit trees when they grow taller and taller. Accordingly it is important to provide a secured supply of irrigation water. It is proposed to create a micro water harvesting tank in each wadi and provide 100 m of PVC pipe line to the farmers for this purpose. This also proposes to adopt pot drip irrigation system for the fruit plants in each wadi by placing small reuse plastic/tin containers near each fruit tree.

1. Promotion of Producers’ Cooperatives

The farmers are unable to realise optimal value from their produce due to lack of organisation. Individually they resort to distress sale due to lack of storage, primary processing and marketing facilities, which required adoption of latest low cost technology. Similar is the case with off farm activities like handlooms, as individually they are not able to compete with the factory made products. Through better organisation, farmers/producers can utilise scale to gain more selling power for their produce/products. Forming a producer’s organisation can facilitate access to timely and adequate finance, built capacity and provide linkages to markets. Accordingly it is proposed to create awareness among the farmers for formations of producer’s organisations, provide training and exposure to them, and facilitate registration related activities in these regard and build capacity for better marking skills.

1. Women Development

Women traditionally involved in farming, vegetable cultivation and weaving. In order to provide supplementary livelihood opportunities to the women members of the families it is proposed to provide low cost fly shuttle looms and impact related training for production clothes and traditional dresses. It is also propose to form SHGs/JLGs in this regard.

(Proposed to provide Fly Shuttle Loom to Women member of the family)

1. Health and sanitation measures

Improved health is essential for sustainable livelihood generation it is proposed to provide low cost water filters to each family which will ensure that the safe drinking water after removal of soil related dirt. Also it is proposed organise health awareness camps from time to time in the project area.

1. Innovative interventions

At present the farmers resort to drying of cardamom by way of fire and smoke, by which the colour, test and quality of cardamom is adversely affected. It is propose to provide low cost drying machines operated by an easy fuel. Four such units are propose to be install at strategic locations keeping transport related convenient of the farmers in mind. Further success of any project of long duration in nature involving many components of interventions requires continuous monitoring and feedback from field level and creating a database to analyse the developments for assessments of progress bis-a-bis the plan. Analysis of such data should be used for taking remedial measures if necessary. Accordingly it is proposed to use modern digital technology in this regard. Digital pens and forms will be provided to the clusters/field coordinators for capturing such data which will ultimately be analysed in the computer after successful uploading through mobile technology

 VILLAGE SELECTION:

Road connectivity in Anjaw district is not very good. Metalled roads for smooth transportation and monitoring of the project villages located along the district road were preferred. This would also help in marketing their farm products and facilitate movement of perishable items like orange and other fruits to bigger commercial markets. Once the project stabilises NYP-AP proposes to cover more villages of the district. On the basis of field survey the NYP-AP team has selecte2d 1016 participant family from 125 villages under 8 circles of the district.

Village Location

7 Cluster Location

• BENEFICIARY SELECTION:

Participants comprise tribal households who are mainly dependent on agriculture. During selection of beneficiaries preference was given to poorer households. A few progressive farmers were also selected as they would be able to guide the other farmers and would act as role models in the village. Such farmers are expected to play an important role in implementation and success of the project.

 Village wise List of Participant Family

S.No	CIRCLE	HAMLET	VILLAGE	TOTAL HOUSEHOLD	TOTAL POPULATION	NO. OF PARTICIPANT FAMILY	PROJECT GROUP
1.	Kibitoo	Walong (No-1)	Kibitoo	26	47	11	1
2.			Kahao	9	52	6
3.			Yakung	11	66	7	2
4.			Kundan	4	22	4
5.			Namti	1	7	1
6.	Walong		Dong	5	26	2	3
7.			Tillam	2	9	2
8.			Tinai	6	22	2
9.			Walong Village	6	31	6
10.			Walong H.Q	69	132	17	4
11.			Sethi	4	21	4	5
12.			Wati	8	51	8
13.			Bah	6	25	2	6
14.			Sarti	11	66	8
15.			Yasong	6	33	2
16.			Kalin	8	51	4	7
17.			Halla	10	63	8
18.			Khampti Pani	9	54	5
19.	Hawai	Chengnuity (No-2)	Samdul	7	40	7	8
20.			Changlang	8	49	5
21.			Pranju	4	21	2	9
22.			Sung	8	39	4
23.			Krosang	7	36	2
24.			Nukung	9	47	5
25.			Krowty	7	41	7	10
26.			Mangkung	8	42	8
27.			Changdun	8	41	2
28.			Chengnuity	9	42	2
29.			Surnung	6	33	5
30.			Kherang	8	43	8	11
31.			Ruti	8	40	8
32.			Kandai	13	61	13	12
33.			Kritong	8	45	8	13
34.			Tamblu	15	96	14
35.			Kalai	17	93	9	14
36.			Lautul	27	141	20
37.	Hawai	Hawai (No-3)	Charnai	12	77	11	15
38.			Wahal	15	88	9
39.			Perho	5	19	1	16
40.			Blong	17	85	8
41.			Longling	20	103	14
42.			Chunyu	9	62	4
43.			Shargung	9	49	3
44.			Marbow	6	37	4
45.			Kamdi	11	56	10	17
46.			Watong	25	151	21	18
47.			Walla	30	176	29	19
48.			Ngi	21	101	11	20
49.			Changung	19	94	17	21
50.	Manchal	Manchal (No-4)	Randam	6	31	6	22
51.			Kubiang	19	84	9
52.			Manjuliang	23	97	7	23
53.			Manjuglat	6	36	4
54.			Manchal	23	112	21	24
55.			Kambing	1	3	1
56.			Hutong	12	67	6
57.			Phanglonglat	6	28	4
58.			Towa	9	51	9	25
59.			Pangung	9	47	4
60.			Yatong	12	60	3
61.			Tehuliang	19	98	5
62.	Goiliang	Goiliang (N0-5)	Niliang	1	4	1	26
63.			Room	2	18	2
64.			Goiliang	28	112	19
65.			Danglat	6	28	5	27
66.			Kasanglat	12	69	16
67.			Braptong	6	29	11	28
68.			Tapang	17	68	12
69.			Prayumna	4	23	2	29
70.			Kanguliang	13	52	8
71.			Langom	5	30	2
72.			Ritiliang	8	37	7
73.			Gamliang	5	23	5
74.	Chaglagam	Metengliang (No-6)	Taflagam	29	122	29	30
75.			Abohagam	9	42	11	31
76.			Aphumna	16	74	16	32
77.			Khalega/Matengliang	15	56	6	33
78.			Chipra	5	24	5
79.			Mailiang	17	91	17	34
80.			Mithumna	15	81	19	35
81.			Bomna	7	35	7	36
82.			Chakka	15	79	15
83.			Metengliang	38	190	25	37
84.			Hamanliang	6	35	6	38
85.			Tolai	3	11	3
86.			Hamako	5	9	5
87.			Huwaka	7	39	6
88.			Chipru	20	107	19	39
89.			Bajigam	7	41	5	40
90.			Tegamna	17	74	17
91.			Tamkadu	6	27	6	41
92.			Kalamna	5	23	3
93.			Tarampa	5	24	5
94.			Khlega	6	21	6
95.			Tablaiko	7	27	7
96.	Hayuliang	Hayuliang (No-7)	Chirang	15	75	15	42
97.			Suplaing	19	95	19	43
98.			Malemna	8	40	8	44
99.			Kasaigum	7	35	7
100.			Tumna	11	55	11	45
101.			Chameliang	20	104	19
102.			Chamemna	7	36	7	46
103.			Kongra	8	40	8
104.			Amliang	5	25	5
105.			Tololiang	5	26	5	47
106.			Kabragam	4	17	4
107.			Kama	7	35	7
108.			Blom	4	17	4
109.			Chikri	3	14	2
110.			Changraliang	4	22	2
111.			Mele	3	19	3
112.			Nenuliang	7	37	7	48
113.			Thamtong	4	21	4
114.			Tafraliang	23	105	5
115.			Rangam	9	51	9
116.			Khibom	2	10	2
117.			Zapaliang	2	13	2
118.			Lamaliang	9	53	6
119.			Naraliang	25	125	25	49
120.			Mohikong	6	30	6	50
121.			Khupa	15	76	8
122.			Paya	12	66	12
123.			Barafu	10	61	10
124.			Klamdi	9	48	9
125.			Khugam	5	21	3
126.	8	7	125	1510	7501	1011

1016 participant family selected from 125 villages. Nearby villages of a area further assign to a group name. Further few groups make a cluster. Thus it is proposed to distribute all the selected household into 7 cluster for better implementation and monitoring of the project. Detail name of the participant family are in Annexure - IV

• PROJECT PHASING (PHYSICAL):

The project will be implemented over 6 years each model of wadi will be split into two batches as per detail given below. The batch size in the first year is higher than the second year as the villages covered in batch one are easily accessible from the main road. Implementations in all these villages have to be taken in one go in order to avoid social tensions which may arise if any villages in the contiguous zone are not taken with other village in the same zone. The villages in the second batch will be those clusters which are located further from the main road. The list of the villages to be covered in different batches given in the Annexure V.

Sl No.	MODELS	FIRST YEAR	SECOND YEAR	GRAND TOTAL
1	Apple+Kiwi+Cardamom	185	108	293
2	Orange+Plum+Cardamom	471	252	723
GRAND TOTAL		656	360	1016

• PROJECT MANAGEMENT FRAMEWORK:

The project office will be located in Hayuliang and will be headed by the Project Coordinator who will oversee the implementation of the project. He will be assisted by Project Horticulturist, Project Associate, Clusters Coordinators and Office Assistant. The project coordinator will report to NYP-AP (HO) at Itanagar who would provide guidance to the project coordinator. Apart from placement of the full time staff for the project it will set up Community Based Organisation (CBO), Tribal Village Institutes (TVI), Project Group (PG), district level committee, Formation of Farmers Club, Formation of Self Help Group in the project groups.

NYP-AP HO

Project Coordinator

Project Associate

Project Horticulturist

Driver cum Office Assistant

Cluster Coordinators

PIA STRUCTURE:

 Staffing and position description:

Position	Qualification	Position Summary
Project Coordinator	M.Sc(Biotech)	This position will report to NYP-AP (HO) Manager based in Itanagar. Responsible and accountable for the ·         Overall project implementation and overall project performance management; ·         Oversee coordination between staff and primary and secondary stakeholders; ·         Liaise with secondary stakeholders and ensure linkages to the primary stakeholders; ·         Facilitate capacity development of staff and stakeholders; ·         Facilitate project planning, implementation, monitoring, reporting, etc; ·         Ensure analysis and presentation of project results; ·         Ensure proper financial management
Project Horticulturist	M.Sc(Horti)	This position will report to Project Coordinator and provide overall NRM related guidance to project team, primary and secondary stakeholders. Responsible for the NRM aspects of the project.
Project Associate	B.Com/BA/Bsc	This position will report to Project Coordinator and ensure compliance to the NYP’s financial manual as well as adhere to donor requirements. Responsible for overall finance management for the project.
Cluster Coordinator (7)	High School	These positions will report primarily to the Horticulturist and will be primarily responsible for working with communities and community organizations. Ensure completion of day to day execution of activities in the field. These positions shall be based at the block level and will spend 80 percent time working with the primary stakeholders.
Driver cum Office Assistant	Middle School	This position will report to project accountant and will ensure vehicle operations and maintenance and shall also provide assistance to project administration, logistics and any other aspects.

VILLAGE LEVEL STRUCTURE:

DISTRICT LEVEL COMMITTEE

Village Level Committee

CIRCLE LEVEL COMMITTEE

 IMPLEMENTATION FRAMEWORK:

The proposed project will be implemented over a five-year period in 125 villages (50 Village Level Committee) of Chaglagam, Metengliang, Goiliang, Walong, Kibtoo, Manchal, Hawai and Hayuliang blocks in Anjaw district, Arunachal Pradesh. All the villages are situated along the district road. The project will have three phases – the first phase will be the preparatory phase with focus on community mobilization; the second phase will focus on detail project design and execution; and the third and final phase will focus on value addition and increase in horticultural productivity.

The formation of Project Groups will be the key method through which the project activities will be implemented and maintained. The formation and training of the PGs will be taken up by experienced personnel’s, organizations, institutions and departments like KVK, Spice Board, Department of Horticulture, etc. The PGs will comprise of members who will benefit directly from the project activities. The detailed activity schedule is given in Annexure - VIII.

• MONITORING & DOCUMENTATION FAMEWORK:

Appropriate formats will be designed for collection of data to enable effective monitors. The details are as follows:-

• Cluster Coordinator: The role of Cluster Coordinator are:
  1. Will maintain field wise data. Data will be collected at specified intervals.
  2. Submit monthly report to Project Coordinator Office.
  3. Visit each field at prescribed intervals.
  4. Organise meeting of Village Level Committee and members and secured minutes of the meetings.
  5. Besides all above Cluster Coordinator ensured quality monitoring of the project by adopting points like as:-
• Whether the farmers have prepared their land for planting
• Whether the arrangements have been made for input supply
• Whether inputs meet the quality standards
• Whether all the farmers have received inputs and utilised the same
• Whether the cultural operations planned for calendar year have been completed
• What is the status of maintenance
• Whether all the farmers have impounded adequate water for irrigation
• Any outbreak of pests and diseases
• What is level of adoption of new technologies introduced and their success
• Whether activity is being implemented as per annual work plan

Also all the field staff will get digital cameras for photography on geo-tagging mode for documentation and monitoring. They will take photos, videos etc activities started with field clearance to marketing of the products in digital equipment like digital pen. Field extension staff will prepare an activity monitoring report and activity completion report. All the activity monitoring and completion reports submitted by the field guides will be cross checked and validated by the project coordinator.

• Project Associate:
  1. Will prepare database of the submitted reports from the field
  2. Report to Project Coordinator.
  3. Attend to office work.
• Project Horticulturist:
  1. Visit each field at prescribed intervals.
  2. Visit fields on sample basis.
  3. Visits to villages and farming project plot for demonstration and guidance.
  4. Report to Project Coordinator on on-going basis.
• Project Coordinator:
  1. Visit each field at prescribed intervals.
  2. Ensure collection and submission of field level data regularly.
  3. Report to H.O on monthly basis.

Introduction of Digital Pen: A digital pen is an input device which captures the handwriting or brush strokes of a user, converts handwritten analog information created using "pen and paper" into digital data, enabling the data to be utilized in various applications. For example, the writing data can be digitized and uploaded to a computer and displayed on its monitor. The data can then be interpreted by handwriting software and used in different applications or just as graphics. A digital pen is generally larger and has more features than a stylus. Digital pens typically contain internal electronics and have features such as touch sensitivity, input buttons, and memory, writing data transmission capabilities, and electronic erasers and camera. NYP-AP will introduce this pen for collection of data from the field.

                 (Digital Pen for collection of data)

 Anoto provides a unique technology that computerized pen companies can use to enhance their products. Developed by Swedish inventor Christer Fåhræus in 1996, Anoto is a type of computer code on paper in the form of tiny dots. It is viewed by a camera inside the pen located behind the ballpoint. This code tells the pen where it is located on a page at any given time. The camera also keeps track of penstrokes, and as a result, it is able to keep track of what is being written. In creating forms, the Anoto technology is coded to be unique for each sheet of paper so that when an individual is filling out a printed form with a computerized pen, the information collected can be matched with its electronic counterpart on a computer just by syncing the pen with the computer. In addition, many of the pens also have optical character recognition abilities, which convert hand-written words to text with about 90% accuracy.

 TECHNICAL SUPPORT:

NYP-AP has appointed horticulturist, bio technologist and other manpower who can handle the project efficiently. Besides technical support will sought from the agencies like KVK, Metengliang, Spice Board of India, Department of Horticulture/Agriculture Govt. of Arunachal Pradesh, Rajiv Gandhi University, etc. The role of each stakeholder are as follows:-

Role of Various Stakeholders:
Activity	Probable Organizations	Area of Expertise
Improved Practices on Agri-Horticulture/ Medicinal Plants	Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Metelgliang, Deptt. Of Horticulture, Hawai	Research on cultivation practices of horticultural. Trainings on cultivation practices and capacity building of local community
Soil and Water conservation measures	G.B. Pant Institute of Himalayan Environment & Development (GBPIHED) etc. Rajiv Gandhi University, Itanagar. Arunachal University, Namsai	Shifting cultivation in hilly Eastern Ghats
Processing of Horticulture based produce	Ministry of Food Processing Industries, Itanagar, Arunachal Pradesh Horticultural Produce Marketing & Processing Board, Itanagar	Linkages with organizations dealing with processing of fruit processing in the region
Marketing of Horticulture based Produce	Arunachal Pradesh Horticultural Produce Marketing & Processing Board, Itanagar. Committee (MSME, Agro, forest, and rural based Industries),	Linkages with concerned bodies of finance and commerce for the promotion of rural farm/forest based industries
Livestock Development	Department of Animal Husbandry, Hawai Agricultural Technology Management Agency, Hayuliang	Trainings on rearing of livestock as source of income generation in rural areas
Ecological Restoration	G.B. Pant Institute of Himalayan Environment & Development (GBPIHED) etc. Rajiv Gandhi University, Itanagar, Arunachal University, Namsai	Awareness building on ecological degradation and need for restoration practices Ecological restoration activities most suited for upland areas

• POST HARVEST MANAGEMENT AND MARKETING FRAMEWORK:

Scientific post harvest management is critical to prevent post harvest losses and to ensure remunerative prices to the farmers. Traditionally farmers in the area are using firewood for drying of cardamom which results in loss of quality, quantity and colour. Consequently farmers incur losses. Proper drying of large cardamom is therefore essential to reduce losses and ensure better prices. Hence modern drying machines will be installed at four suitable locations in the project area. Scientific storage would also be ensured in the project. A market survey would be carried out to analyze market channels. NYP-AP would also organise exhibitions and buyers sellers meets regularly. NYP-AP would also explore the possibilities of organising Rural Haats at Village Level for promotion and marketing of the products.

(Traditional way of drying large cardamom)

(Modern Drying Machine for large Cardamom)

 KEY CHALLENGES AND ISSUES:

Land ownership Vs proposed interventions - Resistance from VLCs:

In a tribal community, the role of TVIs is of paramount importance. They not only own all land in the village but also represent the tribal communities in the government structure. Resistance from VLCs could inhibit the initial utilization of land for alternate uses. NYP-AP proposes to maintain the role and authority of VLCs while creating community based people’s institutions for the implementation of project activities. Appointment of members from VLCs as representatives in people’s institutions would ensure integration of their traditional roles and responsibilities with the project activities.

 Natural disasters and calamities:

Productivity of horticultural based activities with improved cultivation practices could still be affected due to natural disasters and calamities. These calamities may include outbreak of pests and crop diseases, forest fire, landslide, earthquake, floods, epidemic outbreak, etc. NYP-AP proposes the development of linkages with government and other relevant institutions to minimize the risk as well as overcome rapid recovery from the disasters. The project will incorporate risk mitigation measures in the project activities and households will be provided necessary awareness and education on this.

 Inflation:

Income generation depends on the market value of the produce. To reduce variations due to fluctuating market values, a combination of crops would be cultivated. The adoption of a mixed cropping system would not only reduce the direct impact of market prices on income generated but also ensure production of essential food material without completely shifting to non-food based varieties.

 Middlemen/Brokers:

Although tribal communities possess immense traditional knowledge on cultivation practices and extraction and use of some crops like large cardamom, low levels of education and a general ignorance among them on the economic values of their produce leave them vulnerable to exploitation by middlemen and brokers. Middlemen often purchase the produce, with tribal communities being paid a pittance. In order to eliminate the role of middlemen (who stand the loss of great profits), NYP-AP proposes the capacity building of community based VLC and CLC’s. The capacity of these institutions would be built to develop an understanding on the economic values of their produce. Training on financial management, creation of processing units and marketing of their produce to relevant organizations would be provided.       

 EXPECTED PROJECT OUTCOMES:

1. Reduced dependence on forests through community strengthening on better practices:

Through various training modules meant for different groups (project groups/village committees/cooperatives) the community would develop an understanding on need for various natural resource management measures and the skill to implement them. Management of financial resources would also be imparted through various modules. Through project activities the capacities of 1016 households would be developed to adopt better cultivation practices, soil and water conservation measures, ecological restoration, etc.

1. Income Generation through Diversified Activities:

Through the generation of income from tree based horticultural activities would be ensured a sustainable source of income. Also the promotion of livestock rearing and sale and processing of its products would generate additional sources of income. It is estimated that 1016 acres of land would be brought under the cultivation of tree based farming practices and hence better cultivation practices and soil and water conservation measures and training on various other income generating activities. Income from activities shall increase by the end of the project.

• Food Security:

The additional income that would be generated through sale of horticulture products would help increase the purchasing power of local communities.

1. Marketing of Farm Produce:

The direct sales of farm produce (horticulture produce) by communities would ensure an additional income for 1016 families by eliminating the loss of income to middlemen and brokers.

1. Reduction in Ecological degradation through adoption of better natural resource management practices:

Through proposed tree based farming practices, the communities would be assured a regular source of income. Mixed farming practices (cultivation two or more varieties of crops in a single plot) with improved soil and water conservation measures (application of organic manure, drip and other forms of irrigation etc.) would also assist in increasing soil fertility lost over the years due to shifting cultivation practices. It is estimated that at least 40% of the land identified as degraded in the project villages would be brought under better cultivation practices and soil and water conservation measures.

1. Climate Change mitigations:

Forests serve as important sink of atmospheric carbon-dioxide. Accordingly forest management and silviculture are likely to influence carbon sequestration by trees, the reaction of forests to climate change and the forest services provided to local populations. Proposed activities will assist in both reducing degradation of forests through better and sustainable cultivation practices and as counteracting existing deforestation through proposed community based afforestation activities. It is estimated that at least 45% of degraded forests would be brought under afforestation.

• Women Empowerment:

The level of literacy among tribal women is very low and their participation in several development programs is poor. To facilitate women development, two broad approaches will be adopted. One is empower through income generation and the other through active participation in community based organizations. 1016 or more women from 1016 households would be provided training in better cultivation practices, handloom, livestock rearing etc. Their knowledge on health and sanitation, consumption of healthy and hygienic food would also have improved.  Elected women forming Village Planning committee would be provided capacity development in decision making, allocation of funds, developing linkages with relevant government bodies, etc.

6. PROJECT FINANCES:

Refer to Annexure VII for detailed project budget

 SOURCES OF FUNDING:

7. NABARD TDF Support : Rs. 5,97,56,883.28
8. Farmers Contribution : Rs. 3,66,04,834.08

            iii. Total Project Cost                         : Rs. 9,63,61,717.36

 ORGANIZATIONAL INFORMATION:

NYP-AP as the Socio-technical organization is dedicated to providing short- and long-term institutional and technical support to organizations engaged in efforts to alleviate hunger, poverty and discrimination. Through the provision of quality technical assistance on a recurrent basis to its partner institutions, it aims to ensure that development programs implemented by these organizations will have the best chance of improving the lives and livelihoods of their constituents.  Government of Arunachal Pradesh has recognized NYP-AP as the reputed and leading organisation in the state.

NYP-AP supports institutional capacity building to achieve sustained impact.  It provides services in diverse regions of India. NYP-AP has worked in more than 20 states and union territories of India. Additionally, drawing on diverse technical backgrounds, skills and experience, the staff of NYP-AP brings a holistic perspective to this support. The technical assistance provided by NYP-AP is of the highest quality and based on informed state of the art guidance and solutions from past lessons learned and the current development experience. NYP-AP provides a bridge between research and practice and brings high quality experience, tools, perspectives and training on a long- term basis to assist institutions to achieve their development objectives. The core strength of NYP-AP lies in connecting research to people and bringing people’s perceptions to policy makers. Its reach and operation at the grassroots level, excellent working relations with district and sub-district level officials and research institutes puts it in a unique position to execute both top-down and bottom-up approaches for outreach and capacity building. NYP-AP works with communities to develop low-cost options for food security and rural livelihoods of poor women and men. It has increasingly engaged in the climate change and disaster risk reduction agenda, and sees this as a strategic program area for the foreseeable future.

NYP-AP has been identified as a Technical Support Institute by the Indian Institute of Entrepreneurship and Ministry of Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises for capacity building for Integrated Participatory Model. NYP-AP conducts this integrated district level planning exercise in 52 districts of India, which provides NYP-AP with a unique position to help ensure integration of climate risk management in such planning. NYP-AP has worked in particular with the GOI Department of Science and Technology, and the Ministries of Agriculture, Social Justice & Empowerment, Rural Development, and Environment and Forestry.

NYP-AP receives considerable support from different State Governments including the Govt. of Arunachal Pradesh, Govt. of West Bengal, and the other Govt. in North Eastern states. NYP-AP also works with several corporations (national and international) who have shown interest in NYP-AP’s community level work e.g. SODEXO, Mott MacDonald, VISTA Int, Anusha Agro, Khadi Gramudyog Sang, Saharanpur, AGA and others. NYP-AP has worked with several bilateral agencies e.g. from Malaysia, Sri Lanka, Canada, USA, and multilateral agencies such as UNDP, UNV, WAY, AYC.

NYP-AP has undertaken over 100 medium to large scale projects in NE region on natural resources management, food security and livelihood. NYP-AP is the lead of consortium for the CM Livelihood Mission School in Arunachal Pradesh. This project is funded by Govt. of Arunachal Pradesh. In Arunachal Pradesh, NYP-AP has rendered socio-technical services for all the 17 districts with 54 functional centres for over all economic upliftment of the people in the state.(Refer to Appendix I: PIA’s profile for more details).